Tuesday, April 21, 2020
Marketing Mix adjustment strategies
Executive summary This report presents marketing mix that Rose Chocolatier will use in Brazil confectionery market as its target market. The company must use its marketing mix strategy with the price as the determining factor upon which other elements of marketing mix depend.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Marketing Mix adjustment strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rose Chocolatier must recognise that Brazil is an emerging economy with most middle-class consumers; thus, its prices, products, and promotion strategies will appeal to such consumers. The company must also take into account factors related to potential risks and benefits when venturing into foreign markets. This means that all decisions must be of significant consequences as foreign markets are different from domestic markets. Product and target market description Rose Chocolatier has many varieties of dark chocolates made from finest o rganic and natural ingredients. The company has hand-dipped and moulded chocolate that are fresh and flavoured. The company has fresh chocolates daily. Some of the chocolate varieties Rose Chocolatier has include dark chocolate bark, milk chocolate bark, Pecan Toffee, Traditional Caramels, Hazelnut Gianduja, Dark Chocolate Ganache, White Chocolate with Lemon, Dark Chocolate with Scotch, and the Gift Baskets that consist of barks, toffee, peppermint bark, and truffles (Rose Chocolatier, 2012). Rose Chocolatier intends to venture into the international market with Brazil has the target market. Brazil is among the worldââ¬â¢s emerging economies and consumptions of luxury products are on the rise. Brazil chocolate market has a wide range of consumers in which consumers below the age of 14 years accounted for 36.8 percent of confectionery consumption during the year 2008. Specifically, this age group accounts for 38.1 percent of the total chocolate consumed in the same period. Still, urban consumers are the highest consumers of chocolate products at 87.6 percent in the year 2008.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Redruello notes ââ¬Å"strong economic growth and increasing prices of export commodities have enhanced Brazilian consumersââ¬â¢ confidenceâ⬠(Redruello, 2011). Consequently, confectionery industry has grown as demands for high added value luxuries have increased (Redruello, 2011). According to Euromonitor International, the industry experienced a growth of two percent in the retail sector in 2010. In addition, retail sales increased by seven percent from the year 2009 representing a growth of US $ 9.7 billion. Brazil mainly depends on exports to the EU zones. The trends show that the countryââ¬â¢s export market is growing. Rose Chocolatier will find it cheap to use Brazilian sugar in its chocolate products than import from Austral ia. Brazil also has high birth rate. This is a factor responsible for the growth of confectionery industry. In 2010, the chocolate industry grew by 17 percent. This occurred due to favourable macroeconomic factors such as increased employment opportunities, growth in the GDP and increased industrial activities. In Brazil, Easter periods are also the best time to increase sales of gift chocolate baskets. In the year 2010, the sales increased by 20 percent compared to the previous year. Still, boxed assortments and gift baskets are the largest and fast moving chocolate products. They accounted for ââ¬Å"36 percent of the yearââ¬â¢s sale, representing 30 percent of the total revenueâ⬠(Redruello, 2011). Brazil chocolate manufacturers such as Ferrero have established that they can increase their sales by offering varieties. Thus, the company launch many varieties in 2009 such as Ferroro Rondnoir and Ferroro Garden Coco. In addition, there is also the exisiting Ferroro Rocher Li ne (Redruello, 2011). Kraft Foods also launched additional two packs under the popular bonbons of the Sonho de Vala brand. This brand mainly targets children because the product is a folding carton consisting attractive designs of heart shape. The aims of these new brands were to add value to consumers and provide competitive strategies in a market dominated by premium brands. The strategies mainly focused on ââ¬Å"capturing the market share of gift segment and standard boxed assortmentsâ⬠(Redruello, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Marketing Mix adjustment strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are also confectionery products that can substitute chocolates. This segment of products also grew considerably. Sugar confectionery also increased by 5 percent in the year 2010. This was due to rising sugar products prices. Caramels, toffees, and nougat also increased their sales volume in t he same period. The industry attributed this to ââ¬Å"rising costs of sugar products and due to the increase of share premium in the leading toffees company, Arcorâ⬠(Redruello, 2011). This enhanced strong value growth by 10 percent. Cadbury Adams launched a ââ¬Å"new value-added gum confectionery under its leading brand of Trident in the period of 2009â⬠(Redruello, 2011). Cadbury Adams first launched this product in Brazil in 2009 before taking it to any other country. This shows how Brazil confectionery market is growing rapidly amidst competition. In addition, the company launched other products such as Trident Total. This product aimed at appealing to consumersââ¬â¢ oral health, and it has protein ingredients from milk for replacing lost minerals. Other functional gum products also increased their sales volume by 18 percent. This occurred as a result of activities of Cadbury Adam in their efforts to increase their sales volume in this category. The company manage d five percent growth in value share, in 2010. This is the industry environment that Rose Chocolatier will operate. Product Strategy Rose Chocolatier can establish its brand in Brazilian market. However, it must recognise that it is neither easy nor cheap as it must fight it out with established giants like Cadbury Adam and Kraft Foods. Thus, it must maintain quality. This implies that its chocolate must have consistency both in the target market and Australia. At the same time, the company cannot compromise on the administrative and employees compositions that support its brands. It has to recognise that operating in a new market is difficult than in the home market. The company must also estimate the period it will take to establish itself in Brazil market. Rose Chocolatier has many assortments of dark and milk chocolate products that it can provide in Brazil market. Rose Chocolatier can market assortments of its chocolate and other confectionery products in varied sizes, quality, and in different packages for different consumers. Consumers can buy fresh chocolate products for immediate consumption or takeaway products nicely packaged in Rose Chocolatier branded wrappers. This is an approach Rose Chocolatier can apply to target its potential buyers in Brazil. Products packaging sends a strong message to customers about the company. Thus, Rose Chocolatier must recognise the importance of packaging in Brazilian market where companies launch innovative products every year.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Packaging approach must attract customers within a limited time to enable the company acquire sales volume and market share. Chocolates packaging offers convenience to consumers who want carry their chocolates, give gifts, or take them on their way home or work. Consumers can purchase chocolate products repeatedly due to packaging offered. The company has been working on its packaging so as to fit all weather conditions and delivery periods. However, successful companies have realised the need for innovating their packaging methods over the years so as to appeal to consumers for convenience. Rose Chocolatier must also note that all its chocolates are consistent in all its international outlets. Rose Chocolatier must promise its potential customers that products will maintain their original tastes despite using Brazil sugar or milk. This is necessary in cases where it has to deliver fresh chocolate products on a daily basis. Rose Chocolatier offers convenience by serving customers hi gh-end products in Australia at competitive prices. This must also apply in Brazil where emerging middle-class consumers expect quality products for their spending. This allows Brazilian consumers expect standard products from the company. This is important when dealing with deliveries in hot weather and hand-made chocolate products. It is the relationship that Rose Chocolatier will establish through its products that will ensure its success (Kotler, Wong, Saunders and Armstrong, 2005). Brazil confectionery industry is competitive due to many multinational firms that launch and offer varieties of brands to consumers. In this respect, Rose Chocolatier cannot change its brand, but rather concentrates on delivering quality services in Brazil. This is because changes at the initial stage before studying consumersââ¬â¢ reactions to new brands may not favour it. Consequently, Rose Chocolatier can distinguish itself through delivering quality services and products. Rose Chocolatier must also work towards enriching its online sales systems for capturing the growing market segments that prefer online purchases and payments. Rose Chocolatier must choose its retail outlets in Brazil carefully. It must choose place where its products will appeal to the target consumer segments in high-end, middle-class and lower class consumers (Solomon, 2006). Choosing appropriate retail outlets will ensure that the companyââ¬â¢s products reach all segments of the targeted consumers. This strategy allows every segment of the market to feel the presence of Rose Chocolatier in Brazil. Ease of access will create demands in competitive confectionery markets of Brazil. The company has learnt the importance of place and product in Australia. Thus, it must adjust its strategy to fit an emerging economy. Presence of products means ease access to consumers. However, product and its availability must promote Rose Chocolatier international marketing objectives in terms of brand, image, and di stribution. Place strategy must ensure that the approach attract busy consumers, high-end consumer, children and other segment that will result into market share increment. When deciding a place and product strategy, Rose Chocolatier must consider productsââ¬â¢ image and prices, and how customer will perceive its products in the chosen locations. Rose Chocolatier has to review Brazil consumer orientations, market changes and competition activities. This implies that the choice of outlets for its products must counteract competitorsââ¬â¢ strategies. Outlets should also appeal to consumers and foreign employees alike. Consumers perceive retail outlets different based on factors that influence their purchasing decisions (Solomon, 2006). Pricing Strategy Rose Chocolatier marketing mix strategy should take into account all other marketing mix when deciding on prices. This is because the competitive confectionery industry of Brazil does not favour have any strategy that does not tak e into account products pricing. Likewise, pricing strategies must also consider costs that the company will incur in cases of deliveries and making calls for confirming clientsââ¬â¢ orders and satisfaction. Usually, such arrangements have consequences on the price, promotion and products distribution and availability. It is the pricing strategy that must determine all other aspects of the marketing mix. Rose Chocolatier must continue providing competitive prices with competitive products just like in Australia. Thus, marketing mix tends to favour pricing as the determining factor. However, in setting pricing strategy, Rose Chocolatier must remember that pricing alone is not a determining factor for sales volumes and market share. Instead, there are other factors that consumers take into account before making purchases, such as products tastes, quality, and packaging among others (Brassington, and Pettitt, 2005). Rose Chocolatier cannot put its prices higher than those of Austral ia because Brazil is an emerging market consisting mainly of middle-class who still mind their spending habits and may stick to the budget; thus, will tend to avoid expensive luxuries. Rose Chocolatier is selling to all consumers in Australia. The company may target the same segments in Brazil or launch some high-end products for high-end consumers. In this regard, it cannot fail in determining appropriate pricing strategy for emerging economy with a lot fluctuation witnessed during recession. Pricing strategy will appeal to different customers, particularly where the company targets middle-class consumer. Every consumer would like to experience some after-purchase satisfaction with the product. Pricing strategy must also consider other multinational giants like Kraft Foods and Cadbury Adams, and other competitors. Brazil confectionery market is among the competitive in the region. Rose Chocolatier must know that it will not be the only company offering unique products to consumers. Pricing strategy must work for the company in capturing market shares, increasing sales volumes, defeating competitors and appealing to all segments of consumers. Thus, it is a decision the company must implement with utmost care. Rose Chocolatier must also recognise that some consumers are sensitive to high prices and are not likely to purchase their high-end products. This is mainly the lower class. Still, the company must provide varieties for this consumer segment by offering low cost chocolate products and other low cost confectionery items. As most authors put it, it is the pricing strategy that determines all the other Ps of the company marketing mix approaches (Solomon, Marshall and Stuart, 2009). Promotion Strategy The company must include promotional strategy for capturing the market attention in a competitive chocolate industry of Brazil. Rose Chocolatier will depend on promotional strategies for creating its brand images and enhancing awareness about its presence in B razil confectionery market. It must evaluate promotional media available in Brazil that can assist it reach its target market. In this respect, the company must evaluate how it will reach all segments of consumers using the available tools of communications. Messages must also reflect diverse cultural and socioeconomic statuses of different consumers. The company has many options for promoting its brand. These include its Website, advertising, media channels, direct marketing, and engaging in corporate social responsibilities through sponsoring of events (Berry and Wilson, 2001). However, in doing all these, it must consider the available resources for marketing communications for establishing the brand. This may take up to three years. Thus, the parent company must support its operations in Brazil. Rose Chocolatier should engage new social media platform in attracting young consumers. Any communication approach should appeal to the target audience and markets. The communication app roach must bring customers and result into purchases. However, it must improve in cases where its messages do not appeal to target audience. Marketing mix is only effective if it results into increased sales and growth in market shares. There are different marketing communication channels. Rose Chocolatier must ensure that the team implement them in an appropriate manner to reflect what the company stands for in a new market. Thus, there should be no cases of conflicting information, messages, miscommunication, and cultural misrepresentation (Adcock and Halborg, 2004). Marketing Mix adjustment strategies Rose Chocolatier must adjust its marketing mix to fit Brazil chocolate market. These are price, product, and promotion. We note the pricing influence on all other elements of the marketing mix (Palmer, 2004). Thus, Rose Chocolatier can only use price strategy in achieving its marketing objectives. For example, the chocolate industry in Brazil is experiencing price competitions and d iscounts offers on Easter periods. This may aim at attracting a large number of consumers who give gifts during these periods. Rose Chocolatier should align its pricing with packaging, outlet locations, and promotion decisions so as to realise the value in the target market. The competitive confectionery industry will force the company to focus on pricing, promotion and distribution of its chocolate products, particularly during hot weather. Rose Chocolatier decision to use online channels for retailing chocolate means it must recovery such investments. This enables it to cater for online customers. Rose Chocolatier marketing mix will adjust to include all marketing mix when deciding prices. The company cannot use a non-price approach in a new market. Products ingredients, whether imported or local, will also affect the price and availability of products. If the company uses local Brazilian sugar and milk, then its prices should reflect such cases. However, if the company depends on products from Australia, then prices will be slightly higher to reflect importation costs. However, product quality, packaging and availability can only improve for convenience of consumers. Conclusions Recommendations International marketing is increasingly becoming popular among firms. Consequently, they extended their activities outside their home markets. Rose Chocolatier must deal with concerns of marketing entry strategy, improve, or adapt its marketing mix for Brazil market. This must be a crucial decision for the company. The companyââ¬â¢s marketing approaches must aim at satisfying the needs of consumers in Brazil market. The emerging market of Brazil still has a lot of gaps that the company can fill; thus Rose Chocolatier must offer products and services that are attractive and competitive than other competitorsââ¬â¢ products and services. In this case, marketing mix is the alternative for overcoming such concerns. It must also ensure that its marketing mix strateg ies reflect well its strategic vision of international marketing. It must improve the achievement of both short-term and long-term goals and help drive Rose Chocolatier into the preffered future growth in the global (Johansson, 2009). However, international marketing is a risky business because of different factors like rates, barriers of trade, protectionist tariffs, and different consumer cultures. These are some of the challenges Rose Chocolatier can meet in Brazil confectionery market. Mixture of gains and risks means a planned approach to decision-making concerning global marketing. Rose Chocolatier group should incorporate the global market environment into their strategies. It should assess Brazil chocolate market, consumersââ¬â¢ cultures and consumersââ¬â¢ behaviours, then decide to conduct the business with regard to possible risks and benefits. Reference List Adcock, D and Halborg, A 2004, Marketing Principles and Practice, 4th ed., Prentice Hall, London. Berry, T an d Wilson, D 2001, On Target: The Book on Marketing Plans, Palo Alto Software Inc, Eugene, OR. Brassington, F and Pettitt, S 2005, Essentials of Marketing, Pearson Education Limited, Essex. Johansson, J 2009, Global Marketing: Foreign Entry, Local Marketing, Global Management, 5th ed, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, New York. Kotler, P, Wong, V, Saunders, J and Armstrong, G 2005, Principles of Marketing, 4th ed, Pearson Education Limited, Essex. Palmer, A 2004, Introduction to Marketing, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Redruello, F 2011, Economic growth boosts confectionery in Brazil, , https://blog.euromonitor.com/economic-growth-boosts-confectionery-in-brazil/ Rose Chocolatier 2012, http://rosechocolatier.com/ Solomon, M. (2006). Consumer Behavior. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Europe. Solomon, M., Marshall, G., and Stuart E. (2009). Marketing: Real People, Real Decisions, 1st European Edition. Boston, MA: Pearson Education Ltd. 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Sunday, March 15, 2020
Free Essays on Christianity
and deeds recall his days on earth and the miracle of his resurrection from the dead on the first Easter. These Jewish Christians began the first churches, in Jerusalem. Much like Christianity Islam was based on the prophesies and teaching of person or prophet, Muhammad. In Mohammed's time (570?-632), the Arabian Peninsula was inhabited by nomadic Bedouins and city-dwelling Arabs. Muhammad began his ministry at the age of 40, when, he claimed, the archangel Gabriel appeared to him in a vision. At first Muhammad confided his visions only to his family and close friends. After four years he began to preach openly in his native city of Mecca. Ridiculed by the Meccans, he went to Medina in 622. At his death in 632, Muhammad was the leader of an Arab s... Free Essays on Christianity Free Essays on Christianity Christianity most widely distributed of the world religions. Its total membership may exceed 1.7 billion people. Islam, a major world religion, founded in Arabia and based on the teachings of Muhammad, who is called the Prophet. One who practices Islam is a Muslim. Muslims follow the Koran, the written revelation brought by Muhammad. The Muslim world population is estimated at more than 1 billion. Islam is the quickest growing religion there is. Judaism is one of the world's oldest religious traditions. Pre-modern Judaism constituted (and traditional Judaism today constitutes) an integrated cultural system of Jewish law, custom, and practice encompassing the totality of individual and communal existence. It is a system of sanctification in which all is to be subsumed under God's rule. Judaism originated in the Middle East, but Jewish communities have existed at one time or another in almost all parts of the world, a result of both voluntary migrations and forced exile or expulsions. Origin The central element of Christianity is the person of Jesus Christ. Jesus of Nazareth, a Jewish rabbi, attracted a following of people who believed him to be a new prophet. Their recollections of Jesus' words and deeds recall his days on earth and the miracle of his resurrection from the dead on the first Easter. These Jewish Christians began the first churches, in Jerusalem. Much like Christianity Islam was based on the prophesies and teaching of person or prophet, Muhammad. In Mohammed's time (570?-632), the Arabian Peninsula was inhabited by nomadic Bedouins and city-dwelling Arabs. Muhammad began his ministry at the age of 40, when, he claimed, the archangel Gabriel appeared to him in a vision. At first Muhammad confided his visions only to his family and close friends. After four years he began to preach openly in his native city of Mecca. Ridiculed by the Meccans, he went to Medina in 622. At his death in 632, Muhammad was the leader of an Arab s... Free Essays on Christianity christianity Christianity is very practical. It is not a dead, dry, formal, human religion of rituals, outward form, and show, but a divine, living, vital, dynamic, liberating religion. The word Christian means, "Christ like", or "One follows Christ". Jesus Christ, who laid the foundation of Christian Church, was born in BC 4 in Judea. He is the foundation of the Church (1 Cori. 3:10,11). He started preaching about the Kingdom of God when he was thirty. His activities roused the opposition of the Jewish high priests who accused him of blasphemy. He was crucified under the orders of Pontius Pilate, the Roman Governor. After three days, Christ was resurrected from the dead. With the Resurrection of Christ, his disciples took heart and went about preaching the Kingdom of God to all the people of the world. Christianity spread throughout the Roman Empire where it was made the state religion in the 4th century AD. Later, the Church split into two broad groups - the Western Church under the Pope in Rome and the Eastern Churches under the Patriarchies of Antioch, Alexandria and Constantinople. Still later, further disruptions took place. The Roman Catholic Church was broken up by Protestantism, while in the Eastern Churches, many communities like the Armenians, Ethiopians, Russians and Italians set up their own Patriarchies. The New Testament of the Bible originally was written in Greek language. The English word Church is translated from the original Greek word 'EKKLESIA', which means 'CALLED OUT ONES' - from EK (out), and KLESIA (called). Churches referred to the household (or family) of God (Eph. 2:19-21), and spiritual building that grows into the holy temple, to which Church shall come at his return to this earth as King of kings, ruling all nations of the earth. The Church was founded, not as an institution of Authority to force the name and teaching of Christ upon the world, but only as a witness-bearing institution to Christ, to ho... Free Essays on Christianity Christianity is a religion in which events are claimed to have occured but which can never be proved. Those who practice it live by different morals than are preached by the most holy texts. It is an institution in which the most holy scripture is contradictory, and wherein the supreme being, by the very definition, cannot exist. Christianity is, therefore, a fundamentally flawed religion. According to the Bible, events have occured which are even more miraculous than the resurection of Jesus Christ. Events such as the stopping of the sun by Joshua (Joshua 10:12-14), the reversal of the sun's course by Isaiah (Isaiah 38:7-8) , the resurrection of the saints, and their subsequent appearance to many (Matthew 27:52-53) were witnessed by thousands of people. The stopping and reversal of the sun would have been visible worldwide. The idea that people could have witnessed these events without having been amazed by them is, quite simply, ludicrous. Other cultures having witnessed this would certainly have offered their own explanations in keeping with their own cultural and religious beliefs. Surely a society existing at the time would have documented this miraculous event. Yet nowhere have such works been found. In the instance of the resurrection of the saints, Matthew is the only person to mention this occurence in the Bible. Surely other first-century Christians would have used this as further proof of Jesus' divinty. It would fall to reason that Paul and the gospels would have mentioned it. This is not, however, the case. Nowhere else in the Bible is this mentioned or even hinted at. These events are then, at best, highly unlikely to have occured. The fact that Matthew is alone in writing of the resurrection of the saints leads us to believe that certain writers of the Bible had differing views on christianity. The christian Bible is highly contradictory, not j... Free Essays on Christianity On the threshold of the third Christian millennium, over 1 billion people worldwide consider themselves catholic. The word catholic is generally taken to mean ââ¬Å"universalâ⬠although the Greek roots of the word mean ââ¬Å"according to (kata) the whole (holos). In the ancient church, it was used to refer to a single, visible communion, separate from others, bonded together through the faith in the lord Jesus Christ. According to the accepted chronology of the bible, on the day of the Pentecost A.D. 29 is the supposed birthday of the Catholic Church. Jesus taught this faith in the country of Palestine during the reign of the roman emperor Tiberius. After Jesus died his followers helped the world accept the faith. One of the main reasons that this faith was accepted was the fact that everyone was received as equal. Jesusââ¬â¢ followers had a monotheistic view that one almighty God that transcended in three forms, the father, the son, and the Holy Spirit. After the Son of G od was persecuted for his beliefs, he was crucified on a cross until he died. It is stated that after three days on the cross he rose from the dead and formed the Holy Spirit. While in this form he would visit people in mind and soul. Jesus was believed to be in every living thing. Along with these beliefs, are ten rules that were inscribed into stone tablets by the prophet Moses. In the bible it states that Moses went to the top Mount Sinai, where God spoke down upon him telling him that the Ten Commandments should be the backbone of the catholic faith. These commandments read: 1. I am the Lord your God, who has taken you out of the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery. 2. You shall have no other gods but me. 3. You shall not the name of your lord in vain. 4. You shall remember and keep the Sabbath day holy. 5. Honor your father and mother. 6. You shall not kill. 7. You shall not commit adultery. 8. You shall not steal. 9. You shall not bear false witness against yo...
Friday, February 28, 2020
Assignment6 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
Assignment6 - Article Example Further, user charges offers invaluable data on which services should be supplied, in what quality and quantity, and to whom. In turn, the application of user charges is to promote and enhance economic efficiency. The problem with the user charges is that in some cases, it is difficult to determine the specific and proper design and domain of user charges. Further, the prices set of certain services may not be charged on a competitive market. My State prepares tax expenditure to show the residents revenue loss because of issuance of tax preferences and concessions to certain activity and particular class of taxpayers. Further, it prepares the tax expenditure to show its spending and spending via the tax system. Yes, it prepares fiscal impact statement to predict how the authorization of a ballot measure would affect the finances of the state. When preparing revenue forecasts, it significant for the local government financial accountants to begin with expenses not revenues since in this manner, it much easier to predict expenses than expenses. In addition, it significant to predict revenues utilizing both an aggressive and conservative case because aggressive state keeps one motivated while conservative state brings reality on the ground. It is also good to monitor key ratios to ensure that the projections are logically and
Wednesday, February 12, 2020
Enron Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1
Enron - Essay Example It was only after the scandal that the government decided to do something about the prevention of possible future crimes that might be committed. Ethical considerations for the case and verdict required that no further information on the criminal case was leaked out into the public. As for justice on the crimes that were committed, the defendants had to pay for their crimes and were sent to jail. As much as they claimed that they were innocent, the jury had found them guilty with no biases made. The victims, although suffered terrible losses in terms of finances in the market, nothing more could be asked as the criminals who were the cause of the crime were sent to jailââ¬âit was better than having the criminals set loose. For the rest of the people in society who were not involved in the incident, justice was served as the government had took action to close the company so as to prevent more probable problems that might come from them. As a result of the scandal, the UK and the USA were the first countries to make the necessary changes so as to prevent anything like the scandal to happen again. Accountability and legal changes were made and this lead to the creation of the Sarbanes-Oaxely Act which required that CEO and CFO of any company to certify annual reports that will be passed to the government. The inability to do the required action of the law meant the probability of facing charges on the part of the CEO and CFO (ââ¬Å"What is the Sarbanes-Oxely Act?
Friday, January 31, 2020
Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 83
Assignment - Essay Example The trifecta can be best analyzed individually before a conclusion on their confluence can be made. For the case of Christian Zionist in United State, they are the ones that provide the financial support to the settler movement. Consequently, they will have no reason to appear morally superior by joining another group even if they are enemies, but have the same goal of defeating the Soviet Union (John and Walt 132-139). The Jewish Movement in Soviet Union is the one under siege, and they need to get themselves from the hook that the Soviets are not ready to necessitate. Any effort even from the enemy will be accepted liberate their struggles (Roââ¬â¢i 11). Finally, the Islamic Jihad in Afghanistan had a problem with the elevation of the Soviet Jews by the United States that observe the Afghanistan day to support the rights of the Jews (R11110000). The confluence comes from a different perspective on the Soviet Jews and joins the three group into sharing the same goal even if they are adversaries. Since they share the same problem with different interest, the trifecta comes to one goal: to defeat Soviet Union. Roââ¬â¢i, Yaacov. "Introduction: From Disaffection to Political Opportunity and Activism." Roââ¬â¢i, Yaacov. In The Jewish Movement in the Soviet Union. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 2012. 1-12.
Thursday, January 23, 2020
The Power Struggle in Vladimir Nabokovs Lolita :: Nabokov Lolita Essays
The Power Struggle in Lolita à à à à à à à According to literary theories and the theories of Fredrich Nietzsche, human beings have an unquenchable urge for power and will use "ethics," and everything else, in order to increase their authority. In Nabokov's Lolita, we see how Humbert controls Lolita in the beginning stages of their relationship but eventually finds himself going mad because of her deceitful ways and the control she has over his sexual desires. à à à à à The novel introduces HumbertHumbert, a man with charm and the dignity of being a teacher in Paris. Yet, we instantly find he is a sexually disturbed man, lusting for young, prepubescent girls. His perversions are obvious--we can tell from his journal--and the ideas are highly obsessive with the topic of young girls. His mind is always on his first true love, his young Annabel, who died a short time after his first sexual encounter with her. Humbert says, "I see Annabel in such general terms as: 'honey-colored skin,' 'thin arms,' 'brown bobbed hair,' 'long lashes,' 'big bright mouth' (11). This, in fact, becomes his outline for a nymphet, or a girl between the ages of 9 and 14. One who meets his strict criteria is to become a gem in his eyes, yet treated with the same objectivity as a whore. He considers them all sexual objects for his enjoyment because he is a man who wishes to dominate these girls at such a young age. à à à à à Using Nietzsche's theories on power and dominance over others, we can see that Humbert is a man who meets his criterion of someone driven on obtaining the control and respect of those who can be easily manipulated. In a theory entitled "The Superman," he writes: à à à à à The strong man must rid himself of all idea that it is disgraceful to yield to his acute and ever-present yearning for still more strength. There must be an abandonment of the old slave-morality and a transvaluation of moral values. The will to power must be emancipated from the bonds of that system of ethics which brands it with infamy. (Mencken 105) à à à à à Nietzsche sees someone with total power as one with no regard for anyone other than himself.
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
Australiaââ¬â¢s Response to Communism in the 1950ââ¬â¢s Essay
In the 1950ââ¬â¢s the world had just come out of the greatest war in human history. In the aftermath of this war many countries turned to communism. It was against this threat of communism that the Australian government reacted in such a wide variety of ways. Although there were a wide variety of ways in which Australia reacted there were perhaps three that were the most prevalent and influential. Firstly Australia sent troops to fight in Korea to avoid and prevent the spread of communism and the start of the domino effect in South Asia. Secondly the Australian Prime Minister Robert Menzies put forward the bill that would ban the communist party in Australia and make being communist illegal. Finally Australia also sought to establish treaties and relationships with other non-communist countries to provide Australia with an adequate defence, and also to help limit the spread of communism through. It was these strategies that made up Australiaââ¬â¢s reaction to communism. One of Australiaââ¬â¢s main responses to communism was its participation in the Korean War. Australia got involved in this war for a number of reasons. One of the main reasons was to stop the ââ¬Å"domino effectâ⬠that was believed would mean the fall of most of South East Asia and would put Australia under direct threat. Source A shows the potential consequences of not stopping the ââ¬Å"red tideâ⬠. The source shows that if even one country in this region were lost to communism ââ¬Å"the security of Australia itself would be imperiledâ⬠. This very clearly shows the attitudes towards communism at the time. Source E goes again to show how scared people were of communism and how controversial this topic was. Another huge reason troops were deployed into Korea was the idea of ââ¬Å"forward defenceâ⬠. It was believed that communism could be most effectively kept away from Australia by fighting it well away from Australian soil. This policy of forward defence ju stified the positioning and placing of troops into the Korean War. In the response to the internal threat of communism The Australian Government came up with some somewhat extreme courses of action. Australian Prime Minister proposed a bill, called the Communist Party Dissolution Bill thatà would make communism illegal, ban the communist party and prevent anyone declared a communist from holding a job in the government or trade unions. The controversial issue in this bill was that if you were accused of being a communist you were guilty until proven innocent. Many people were accused of being communist and although no one was ever confirmed to be one it still ruined many lives. At this time the Australian communist party had 24,000 members and although this was a small amount it still scared many people. This fear of communism was almost enough to get Menziesââ¬â¢s bill passed however the high court called it unconstitutional and agreed to not pass it. Although Menzies held a referendum to pass his bill there was a slight majority of against votes. Even though the bill failed to pass it still shows just how large an issue this was and how concerned people were about communism. Another issue that showed the seriousness of this issue was the ââ¬ËPetrov Affairââ¬â¢. This scared people, as there was a possible ring of soviet spies in the country. Menzies manipulated this event to his advantage and so won the election and forever tarnishing the oppositionââ¬â¢s reputation by branding the labour party as communist supporters. Finally another smaller, but no less important, action was taken as a response to the ââ¬Å"threat of communismâ⬠. Australia began to sign treaties with other countries that were not communist. The Prime Minister Robert Menzies was seeking to create a new more secure position for Australia specifically ââ¬Å"under the US wingâ⬠. Australia needed new alliances and allies beyond Britain and so we turned to America for support. This need for allies led to the ANZUS agreement of 1951 and the SEATO alliance of 1954. These agreements ensured aid from foreign countries, particularly the US, in the event of attack from a communist country or indeed any country in general. These policies ensured mutual protection from any threat to the countries involved. Other countries involved in these treaties were New Zealand as well as many South East Asian countries such as Thailand, South Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos. These countries were included to help prevent the advance of communism. By allying these countries with the US it was practically assured that they would resist the red tide of communism. In the 1950ââ¬â¢s Australia adopted many policies and responses to the growing threat of communism. These included our involvement in the Korean War, ourà policy of forward defence, the Communist Party Dissolution Bill and treaties with America and other countries. Although Australia was never directly threatened these policies were prudent measures against the advance and popularity of communism. These responses, while somewhat excessive, were implemented to protect Australia and to keep it safe. Bibliography Anderson, Maureen. Retroactive 2. Milton, Qld.: John Wiley & Sons, 2005. Print. Orwell G. 1945. Animal Farm. London. Jonathan Cape. ââ¬Å"Australiaââ¬â¢s Responses to the Threat of Communism: International.â⬠Web. 15 June 2013. < http://www.skwirk.com.au/p-t_s-14_u-116_t-313> ââ¬Å"80 Days That Changed Our Lives.â⬠Soviet Diplomats in Canberra Defect. Web. 16 June 2013. < http://www.abc.net.au/archives/80days/stories/2012/01/19/3411302.htm>
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